Tips for diabetics for safe fasting during Ramadan

Health experts said that diabetics should be careful of the risks they may face while fasting during the month of Ramadan, with the need to consult a specialist doctor to make joint decisions regarding treatment plans.

Diabetes is defined as a condition that leads to high blood sugar levels.

When food is digested and enters the bloodstream, insulin transports glucose from the blood to cells, where it is broken down to produce energy. But diabetics suffer from the body's inability to convert glucose into energy, either due to a lack of insulin, or a defect in its work.

Experts say that healthy foods are necessary for diabetics after hours of fasting, and they should avoid sweets and add a healthy alternative, such as fruits, and choose foods with a low glycemic index (GI), such as basmati rice or whole grains. 

They should also use a continuous glucose monitor throughout Ramadan, which includes a finger-prick test to measure blood glucose, which provides minute-by-minute updates so you can see how your body is responding to glucose changes.

Below are tips for diabetics to fast safely during Ramadan:

1. Be aware of the dangers of fasting

Diabetics must weigh the risks of fasting to avoid complications. Hypoglycemia may occur just before breakfast, and the patient may suffer from symptoms such as dizziness, irritability, excessive sweating, rapid heartbeat, and tremors.

A sharp rise in blood sugar levels may occur after suhoor and breakfast, and symptoms include: dry mouth, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and shortness of breath.

2. Control calories consumed

The amount of daily calories the body needs should be balanced and divided equally between suhoor and iftar to avoid hypoglycemia or high blood sugar.

A dietitian can help calculate the daily calorie intake for each meal.

3. Stay hydrated 

Dehydration is a concern, and can manifest as decreased urination, dark urine, fatigue and dizziness.

Make sure to eat plenty of fruits, vegetables and salads during suhoor and iftar. Avoid sweets and foods rich in sugar and saturated fats, drink plenty of water and avoid drinks containing caffeine, especially since diabetics may be more at risk of dehydration during the month of Ramadan.

4. Exercise in moderation

You can do moderate exercise such as walking or jogging, but make sure you drink a good amount of fluids. Your doctor may recommend checking your blood sugar levels before and after exercise.

Heavy exercise should be avoided during fasting hours.