Humanity "touches the sun" for the first time NASA enters the solar atmosphere

Scientists announced Tuesday that a NASA spacecraft has succeeded in touching the sun for the first time ever, in a long-awaited event and a giant scientific leap that will contribute to understanding the extent of the sun's influence on the solar system. Details are known.

Scientists announced Tuesday that a NASA spacecraft has succeeded in touching the sun for the first time ever, in a long-awaited event and a giant scientific leap that will contribute to understanding the extent of the sun's influence on the solar system.

The Parker solar probe succeeded in flying through the corona of the sun, or upper atmosphere, in April to take samples of particles and their magnetic fields, according to research published in Physical Review Letters, and the news was announced at a meeting of the American Geophysical Union in New Orleans. Tuesday.

“For centuries, humanity has only been able to observe this atmosphere from afar,” said Nicola Fox, director of the NASA Heliophysics Division, at a press conference. “Now, we are finally here. Humanity has touched the sun.”

The spacecraft, launched three years ago in an attempt to study the sun and its dangers, will help scientists discover important little-known information about the nearest star to Earth, including how the flow of sun particles affects the planet.

Justin Kasper, lead author of the study and vice president of technology at BWX Technologies, told The Washington Post that "touching" the sun with a probe, a task that hasn't been done in decades, was "extremely exciting."

"It was like you were visiting a planet for the first time," explains Casper, who is also a professor at the University of Michigan. "That was the exciting feeling we got."

The spacecraft culminated in a mission that took more than 60 years in the making, as scientists have long tried to get a closer look at the sun, the source of Earth's light and heat, as well as solar storms that can disable satellites and burn electrical grids.

The star closest to Earth does not have a solid surface, as one of the NASA videos described it as a "giant ball of hot plasma held together by its gravity."

The material from the sun helps create the star's atmosphere, the corona, which is a much hotter area than the star's actual surface. The corona is about 1.8 million degrees Fahrenheit at its hottest point, compared to the surface of the sun at about 10,340 degrees Fahrenheit.

Some of the hot, fast particles from the corona end up flowing into space as a "solar wind".

"By the time the solar wind reaches Earth, 93 million miles away, it's a strong wind of particles and magnetic fields," NASA explained.

The agency said the spacecraft found itself for the first time in an area where magnetic fields were strong enough to control the movement of particles there.

Casper explained that although it would take months to confirm the data, the conditions detected by the Parker Solar Probe were conclusive evidence that the spacecraft had crossed the critical Alfvin surface and entered the solar atmosphere.

According to NASA, this successful flight will not be the last of its kind, as the spacecraft is expected to fly through the sun's corona next month.

The oldest human and the first surgery You know 5 discoveries in Morocco that chronicle the origin of humanity

Morocco is rich in many archaeological sites that chronicle the first origins of human existence, and has been broken records in antiquity for the social activity of prehistoric humans. What makes researchers unanimously agreed on the historical importance that the region played in those eras.

If the question is asked: Where did the oldest human on Earth live? And where was the first surgery on the head performed? Perhaps the answers came far from his real location, Morocco. There are archaeological sites rich in prehistoric finds spread across its soil.

According to Dr. Abdeljalil Bouzokar, a Moroccan archaeologist and professor of the National Institute of Heritage and Archeology in Rabat, in an interview with news Arabic, these archaeological findings indicate that this land played an important role in the Stone Age civilizations.

He adds that "according to the findings that were found, the peoples who lived there preceded the rest of the world's areas of urbanization by thousands of years." On the other hand, these discoveries are still unknown to many, so we suggest to you five of the most important ones.

Human Igood the oldest sane person in the world!

In 2017, in Jebel Irhoud, in the Youssoufia region (western Morocco), the skull of the oldest sane human being, Homo sapiens, was discovered in the world. Where that man lived in Morocco at least 300,000 years ago, that is, 100,000 years older than what was considered for a very short time the oldest, East African man (200,000 years).

This discovery upset the scientific community, as it was believed that Homo sapiens (Homo sapiens) dominated the Earth during the past twenty-five thousand years only. This is before the "East African man" was found, and after him "Human Igood" who clarified several pages that were unknown about the evolutionary path of the human species.

"This substance (found) represents the roots of our species, the oldest species of Homo sapiens found in Africa or elsewhere," said researcher Jean-Jacques Hublin, one of the team behind the discovery. He stressed, "Our new data reveal that Homo sapiens lived in the entire African continent about 300,000 years ago."

Oldest head surgery

The oldest successful surgical operation dates back to 15,000 years ago. This is what was revealed by a skull found in the Pigeon Cave near the mountainous town of Tafogalt (eastern Morocco). Where a person from that area performed a successful surgery on the head, according to what was proven by holes in the skull that were found and the effects of post-operative sutures.

Abdel-Jalil Bozokar said that "finding a hole in the skull of the head in this cave led to the discovery that the first successful operation of the skull, and thus the man of Tavogalt was considered one of the oldest surgeons in the world." In the same context, Al-Othmani Abd al-Rahman, a research professor in geology, explained that "the man of the eastern region was in the stage between 10 thousand and 20 thousand years ago, and he had a medical culture, awareness, and a civilization based on an economic and social basis."

The oldest trace of tooth decay was also found at the same site, where a third of the skulls found in the cave showed holes and rots on their teeth. The scientists explained that the individuals Btavogalt were practicing a kind of tooth modification. In more than 90% of cases, one or both of the maxillary central incisors were extracted (the anterior upper teeth), and it is uncertain whether the carious teeth were also extracted.

The oldest cemetery in history

According to Dr. Abdel-Jalil Bouzokar, in his interview with news Arabic, "The Pigeon Cave in Tavogalt broke all world records in the number of archaeological finds related to the ancient man." Among these discoveries was the oldest burial cemetery, which indicates the existence of beliefs about the existence of life after death in the human who lived there 15,000 years ago.

Researcher Abdullah Lahsaini considers that, based on the burial method of Tavogalt, he believed 15 thousand years ago in the beliefs of life after death. The method of burial can be interpreted for adults as being ready to leave the cave as soon as life comes back to them. The living had to direct them to the gate to guide them the way out.

Whereas, the researcher adds, the children's cemetery is to their south, they may not take advantage of this opportunity. Or maybe they need the adults to get them out of the cave as soon as life comes back to them.

Oldest costume of the year

Until recently, it was believed in the scientific community that the oldest jewelry in the world is the one that was found in the cave of the bathroom in Tavogalt. But new research, led by Dr. Abdel-Jalil Bouzokar, found artifacts older than that, dating back to 150 thousand years, last September in Mount Bizmoun (west of the country).

Abdeljalil Bouzoukar, director of the Laboratory of Alternative Sources for the History of Morocco at the (governmental) National Institute of Archeology and Heritage in Rabat, said that the discovery "shows that it is the first time in human history that (marine) shells have been used as ornaments for decoration and for other expressions."

Buzukar added that these finds show the first time that the human body has been transformed into a container in order to address individuals from his group or other groups, in addition to the fact that these shells are used as symbols, meaning that humans used them to send messages to address other groups. This discovery can also be linked to the beginnings of the emergence of human language, according to the Moroccan researcher.

The oldest garment manufacturing process

In addition to all these archaeological discoveries that are unprecedented in human history, comes the discovery of bone tools that were used in making clothes 120,000 years ago at the site of the smugglers mountain (west of the country).

A study published by the American magazine "iScience", the court, last September, stated that the tools consisting of groups of about 60 bones were discovered in a site known as the smugglers' cave near the Moroccan capital, "and they were deliberately reclaimed to perform specific tasks that included making pieces of leather and fur." in the ancient era.

Moroccan researcher Abdeljalil Al-Hajrawi, who participated in the research work, commented: "This is a very important discovery, despite the discovery of the oldest bones in the world, but it is the first time that we find bone tools that were used in making clothes."